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Nine Essential Amino Acids in the Protein of Wheat and Barley Grown on Sulfur-Deficient Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The investigation was undertaken to study the possible effects of fertilizers and cropping systems on the quality of grain protein as measured by total content and proportions of nine essential amino acids. Amino acid determinations were made on acid hydrolysates of ground grain using a microbiological assay method.

All grains were grown on sulfur-deficient gray wooded soil. Most of the samples were from plots originally laid out in 1930 for long term tests to compare the effects on crop yields of various fertilizers applied in a wheat-fallow cropping system and in a rotation in which mixed legume hay was grown in two years out of five.

The protein content of wheat grown in the rotation was higher than that of wheat from the wheat-fallow plots and the barley grown the first year after legumes contained more protein than that grown the third year after legumes. Increases in percentage of protein (N x 6.25) in the grains were associated with some decrease in quality as measured by the percentage that nine essential amino acids contributed to the protein. This decrease in quality was less marked in grains from rotation plots to which fertilizers containing sulfur were applied than in those from plots treated with fertilizers that did not supply sulfur.

¹ A contribution from the Department of Soils and the Department of Animal Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, with financial assistance from the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Co. of Canada, Ltd., Calgary, Alberta. Presented before Division IV, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 21, 1952.

² Research Assistant, Associate Professor of Soils, and Professor of Animal Science respectively.

Received for publication January 2, 1953.