Fig. 1. Mean biomass of (A) total and active fungi and (B) total bacteria in a ponderosa pine forest soil affected by scarification in 1981, a high-severity surface fire in 2002, or both. Mineral soil samples (0–10-cm depth) were collected and analyzed by direct microscopy in June 2005. Standard error bars (±1) are shown. Means labeled with different letters are significantly different ( = 0.10); total fungal biomass means are separated by uppercase letters and active fungal biomass means are separated by lowercase letters.