Fig. 3. Lanzhou Section: field-observed pedostratigraphy and laboratory data. Md (µm): median size; <10 µm (%): percentage of <10-µm fraction; <2 µm (%): percentage of <2-µm fraction; CaCO₃ (%): percentage of carbonate; and : magnetic susceptibility (10^–7 m³ kg^–1). Three shaded strips (I, II, III) are paleosol zones (S1S1, S1S2, S1S3). Three dashed lines (1, 2, 3) indicate the relationship between carbonate concentration peaks and their lowered magnetic susceptibility within the three major magnetic susceptibility peaks corresponding to the three paleosols (S1S1, S1S2, S1S3).